Beskydy 2015, 8, 79-90
https://doi.org/10.11118/beskyd201508020079
Evaluation of chemical properties of througfall, forest floor and seepage water in Spruce and Beech stands in the Highlands area of the Czech Republic
References
1. , J.M, Woodward, F.I. 1992: The past as a key to the future: the use of paleoenvironmental understanding to predict the effects of man on the biosphere. Advances in Ecological Research, 22: 257–314.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60138-5>
2. , F., Persson, T. 1988: Liming as a countermeasure against acidification in terrestrial environments. Acidification Research in Sweden, 7: 5–7.
3. , H., Berggren, D. 1990: Phosphate and calcium uptake in beech (Fagus sylvatica) in the presence of aluminum and natural fulvic acids. Physiologia Plantarum, 80: 307–314.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb04412.x>
4. , A.L., Ostlund, L., Hellberg, E. 2002: Changes in mixed deciduous forests of boreal Sweden 1866-1999 based on interpretation of historical records. Landscape Ecology, 17: 403–418.
<https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021226600159>
5. , B., Asp, H., Jensen, P., Berggren, D. 1988: Influence of aluminum on phosphate and calcium uptake in beech (Fagus sylvatica) grown in nutrient solution and soil solution. Physiologia Plantarum, 74: 299–305.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb00635.x>
6. , T.W., Untersteiner, H., Schume, H., Jost, G. 2008: Throughfall fluxes in a secondary spruce (Picea abies), a beech (Fagus sylvatica) and a mixed spruce-beech stand. Forest Ecology and Management, 255: 605–618.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.030>
7. , D., Giardina, C. 1998: Why do tree species affect soils? The Warp and Woof of tree-soil interactions. Biogeochemistry, 42: 89–106.
<https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005948126251>
8. , J., Bartels, U. 1985: Ergebnisse Der Schadsstoffdepositionsmessungen in Waldökosystemen in den Messjahren 1981/82 und 1982/83. Forschung und Beratung, 39: LOLF NRW. Landwirtscha sverlag, Münster (in German), 1–296.
9. , J.P., Becquer, T., Merlet, D., Rouiller, J. 1994: Aluminum toxicity in declining forests: a general overview with a seasonal assessment in a silver fir forest in the Vosges mountains (France). Annales Des Sciences Forestieres, 51: 27–51.
<https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19940103>
10. , K.A. 1985: Acid deposition: Effects of sulphuric acid at pH 3 on chemical and biochemical properties of bracken litter. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 17: 31–38.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(85)90087-2>
11. , J.N., Freersmith, P.H., Paterson, I.S., Parkinson, J.A., Wolfenden, J. 1990: The nutritional status of Picea abies (L.) Karst. across Europe, and implications for ‘forest decline. Trees-Structure and Function, 4: 211–224.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00225318>
12. , F., Lax, A., Albaladejo, J. 1999: Organic matter, nutrient contents and cation exchange capacity in fine fractions from semiarid calcareous soils. Geoderma, 93: 161–176.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(99)00045-2>
13. , L., Brown, S., Pare, D., Fyles, J., Bauhus, J. 2000: Dynamics of carbon acid nitrogen mineralization in relation to stand type, stand age and soil texture in the boreal mixed wood. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32: 1079–1090.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00017-1>
14. , C.S., Grigal, D.F. 1995: Use of calcium/aluminium ratios as indicators of stress in forest ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Quality, 24: 209–226.
<https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400020002x>
15. CSN ISO 10390 (83 6221) 1996: Soil quality: Determination of pH.
16. CSN ISO 10523 (75 7365) 1995: Water quality: Determination of pH.
17. CSN EN ISO 27888 (75 7344) 1985: Water quality: Determination of electrical conductivity.
18. CSN EN ISO 11732 (75 7454) 1998: Water quality: Determination of ammonium nitrogen - Method by flow analysis (CFA and FIA and spectrometric detection).
19. CSN ISO 12020 (75 7402) 1997: Water quality: Determination of aluminum - Atomic absorption spectrometric methods.
20. , G., Brumme, R., Matzner, E. 1992: Above-ground N-uptake from wet deposition by Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.). Forest Ecology and Management, 51: 239–249.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(92)90489-V>
21. Ellenberg, H. 1996: Vegetation Mitteleuropas und der Alpen. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart. 5. Auflage.
22. , I.M. 1999: Methodology of humus form research. Lesnictvi-Forestry, 44: 16–22.
23. , B.A., Boxman, D., Bredemeier, M., Gundersen, P., Kjonaas, O.J., Moldan, F., Schleppi, P., Tietema, A., Wright, R.F. 1998: Predicting the effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in conifer stands: Evidence from the NITREX ecosystem-scale experiments. Ecosystems, 1: 352–360.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/s100219900029>
24. , F.H., Huttl, R.F. 1990: A new fertilization strategy in declining forests. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 54: 495–508.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02385150>
25. , T., Menšík, L., Tomášková, I., Kulhavý, J. 2009: Effects of spruce, beech and mixed commercial stand on humus conditions of forest soils. Journal of Forest Science, 55: 119–126.
<https://doi.org/10.17221/70/2008-JFS>
26. , A.J., Zuberer, D.A., Hons, F.M. 1995: Comparison of microbiological methods for evaluating quality and fertility of soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 19: 135–140.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00336149>
27. , G.R., Fenn, L.B., Persson, H., Alwindi, I. 1993: Nutrition response of Norway spruce and willow to varying levels of calcium and aluminum. Fertilizer Research, 34: 181–189.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00750113>
28. , R.N., Trowbridge, R.L., Klinka, K. 1993: Towards a taxonomic classification of humus forms. Forest Science, 39: 1–48.
29. , P. 2002: Temperature and precipitation conditions in the high elevation spruce stands of the Drahanska vrchovina upland. Ekologia-Bratislava, 21: 69–87.
30. , J., Cienciala, E. 2001: Long-term acidification and nutritional degradation of forest soils – a limiting factor of present forestry. Lesnicka prace, 80: 494–495. (in Czech)
31. , A., Ulrich, B. 1984: Solid phase-solution-root interactions in soils subjected to acid deposition. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 305: 353–368.
<https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1984.0063>
32. , H. 1992: The combined effect of mineral nutrition and soluble aluminum on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management, 51: 227–238.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(92)90488-U>
33. Johnson, D.W., Cresser, M.S., Nilson, S.I., Turner, J., Ulrich, B., Binkley, D., Cole, D.W. 1991: Soil changes in forest ecosystems: Evidence for and probable causes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 97B: 81–116.
34. Juma, N.G. 1999: The pedosphere and its dynamics: a systems approach to soil science. Alberta (Canada), Edmonton. 355.
35. , E., Kulhavý, J., Vavríček, D. 1996: Changes in the quality of precipitation water passing through a Norway spruce forest ecosystem in the agricultural-forest landscape of the Drahanska vysocina uplands. Ekologia-Bratislava, 15: 295–306.
36. , K. 1994: Folgerungen aus der Högwald-Forschung. Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, 49: 769–774.
37. Kreutzer, K. 1994: The influence of catchment processes in forests on the recovery in fresh waters. In Acidification of Freshwater Ecosystems: Implications for the Future. C.E.W. Steinberg, R.F. Wright (Eds.), Wiley, New York: 325–344.
38. Mařan, B., Káš, K. 1948: Biology of Forests. I. Soil Science and Forest Microbiology. Melatrich: 573. (in Czech)
39. , L., Fabiánek, T., Tesař, V., Kulhavý, J. 2009: Humus conditions and stand characteristics of artificially established young stands in the process of the transformation of spruce monocultures. Journal of Forest Science, 55: 215–223.
<https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2009-JFS>
40. , A. 1984: Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 15: 1409–1416.
<https://doi.org/10.1080/00103628409367568>
41. , J. 1985: The pedogenic effects of different species and vegetation types and the implications of succession. Journal of Soil Science, 36: 571–584.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1985.tb00359.x>
42. Mrkva, R. 1992: Air Pollution. In: Man-made Spruce Ecosystem (Structure, Functions, Production, Processes). Report from Project Rájec, Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Agriculture in Brno: 35–36.
43. , B., Bruggemann, L. 1995: Untersuchungen zur Deposition Luftgetragener Stoffe in der Dubener Heide. Beiträge für die Forstwirtschaft und Landschaftsökologie, 29 (4): 160–163.
44. , A.M.B. 1990: Influence of aluminum on biomass, nutrients, soluble carbohydrates and phenols in beech (Fagus sylvatica). Physiologia Plantarum, 78: 79–84.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb08718.x>
45. Piccolo, A. 1996: Humic Substances in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Elsevier: 675.
46. Postel, S. 1986: Altering the Earth’s Chemistry: Assessing the Risks. Worldwatch Paper 71. Worldwatch Institute, Washington: 66.
47. , C.E., Chappell, H.N., Vesterdal, L. 2000: Nitrogen turnover in forest floors of coastal Douglas-fir at sites differing in soil nitrogen capital. Ecology, 81: 1878–1886.
<https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1878:NTIFFO]2.0.CO;2>
48. Puhe, J., Ulrich, B. 2001: Global climate change and human impacts on forest ecosystems: postglacial development, present situation, and future trends in Central Europe. Ecological Studies 143, Springer, Berlin: 592.
49. , D.J., Joslin, J.D., Thornton, F.C., Schaedle, M., Henderson, G.S. 1990: Sensitivity of Tree Seedlings to Aluminum: III. Red Spruce and Loblolly Pine. Journal of Environmental Quality, 19: 180–187.
<https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1990.00472425001900020003x>
50. Rehfuess, K.E. 1990: Waldböden. Entwicklung. Eigenschaften und Nutzung. Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg und Berlin: 294.
51. , Z. 1992: Role of Calcium in Aluminum Toxicity. New Phytologist, 121: 499–513.
<https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1992.tb01120.x>
52. , K. 1983: Aluminum-Toxizität ung-Tolrranz and Keimplfanzen von Fichte (Picea abies Karst.) und Buche (Fagus sylvatica L.). Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung, 38: 686–689.
53. , A., Huber, C., Kreutzer, K., Weis, W. 2002: Deposition and soil leaching in stands of Norway spruce and European Beech: Results from the Hoglwald research in comparison with other European case studies. Plant and Soil, 240: 33–45.
<https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015846906956>
54. Šály, R. 1978: Soil – a Background of Forest Production. Bratislava, Príroda, 235. (in Czech)
55. Samec, P., Formánek, P. 2007: Microbiology of forest soils. Kostelec nad Černými lesy, Lesnická práce: 126. (in Czech)
56. Schulze, E.D., Lange, O.L., Oren, R. 1989: Forest decline and air pollution. A study of spruce (Picea abies) on acid soils;. Ecological Studies, 77: Berlín, Heidelberg: 475.
57. Sparks, D.J. 2003: Environmental soil chemistry. Academic Press, London: 352.
58. Spiecker, H., Hansen, J., Klimo, E., Skovsgaard, J.P., Sterba, H., Teuffel, von K. 2004: Norway Spruce Conversion – options and consequences. Brill, Leiden – Boston: 269.
59. Stevenson, F.J. 1994: Humus Chemistry, Genesis, Composition, Reactions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York: 512.
60. , E. 1975: Effects of species on nutrient cycles and soil change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 271: 149–162.
<https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1975.0041>
61. , M. 1992: Der Einfluß der Dűngung auf die Mycorrhiza in Forstbaumschulen. Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, 47: 374–375.
62. Sverdrup, H. 1990: The Kinetics of Chemical Weathering. Lund University Press: 246.
63. Uchmanski, J., Kidawa, A., Mienszutkin, V. 1995: Statystyczna analiza danych charakteryzujacych ekosystemy Karkonoszy. In: Fischer, Z. (ed.), Problemy ekologiczne wysokogorskiej czesci Karkonoszy. IE PAN. Dziekanow Lesny, 323–343.
64. Ulrich, B., Pankrath, J. 1983: Effects of accumulation of air pollutants in forest ecosystems: proceedings of a workshop held at Göttingen, West Germany, May 16–18, 1982. Springer.
65. , B. 1991: Folgerungen aus 10 Jahren Waldökosystem - und Waldschadensforschung. Forst und Holz, 46: 3–12.
66. , P.M., Gosy, J.R., Grierr, C.C., Melillo, J.M., Reiners, W.A. 1982: A comparative analysis of potential nitrification and nitrate mobility in forest ecosystems. Ecological Monographs, 52(2): 155–177.
<https://doi.org/10.2307/1942609>
67. Waring, R.H., Running, S.W. 1998: Forest ecosystems: Analysis at multiple scales. London (UK): Academic Press, San Diego, California: 440.
68. , Y., McDowell, W.H., Aber, J.D. 2000: Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon in forest soil solution and effects of chronic nitrogen deposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32: 1743–1751.
<https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00092-4>
69. , M. 2006: Atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulphur in relation to critical loads of nitrogen and acidity in the Czech Republic. Journal of Forest Science, 52: 92–100.
<https://doi.org/10.17221/4490-JFS>
70. Zbíral, J. 1995: Soil Analysis. I. Unified Working Procedures. UKZUZ Brno: 197. (in Czech)
71. Zbíral. J., Honsa, I., Maly, S. 1997: Soil Analysis. III. Unified Working Procedures. UKZUZ Brno: 150. (in Czech)
72. Zbíral, J. 2002: Unified Working Procedures. UKZUZ Brno, 124. (in Czech)
73. , H.W., Huettl, R.F. 1986: Nutrient supply and forest decline in Southwest-Germany. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 31: 449–462.
<https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00630863>
